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Progress with Lawless Spanish covers every conceivable grammar topic and rule across the Spanish language! This section contains some of the most popular lessons in our system.
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Popular lessons
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using me llamo [name] - to say your name
- Using Soy de [city/country] to say where you are from
- Tener [número] años = To be [number] years old
A0: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using vivo en + [city/country/region] to say where you live
A0: Nouns & Articles
- Using un, una to say a/an (singular indefinite articles)
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using hay = there is / there are
A0: Nouns & Articles
- Using el or la to say the (singular definite articles)
- Using los or las to say the (plural definite articles)
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- How to say I have / you have (possession)
A0: Nouns & Articles
- Don't use un, una when giving people's professions (zero article)
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- How to say How are you? as a greeting
A0: Questions & Interrogatives
- How to ask What is that? in Spanish using qué
A0: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- How to say I work/You work/What do you do? with the verb trabajar
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate ser in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using the verb llamarse in El Presente to say what someone's name is (reflexive)
- Using ser (not estar) to express an essential or permanent characteristic
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate estar in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using estar (not ser) when talking about locations
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular -ar verbs in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate regular -er verbs in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate regular -ir verbs like vivir in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Nouns & Articles
- Forming regular masculine and feminine nouns (singular and plural)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Forming the singular masculine and feminine of regular adjectives
- Forming regular plural masculine and feminine adjectives
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate ir in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Numbers, Time & Date
- Expressing dates in Spanish
A1: Nouns & Articles
- Contracted masculine singular articles: al and del
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate tener in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using hace to talk about the weather
- Using hay, está, or an impersonal verb to talk about the weather
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate hacer in El Presente
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using muy versus mucho (intensifiers)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using gustar to say you like something
- Using gustar + verb to say like [doing something]
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate preferir in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate querer in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate salir in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using vez/veces = time/times
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using cada and todos/-as for "every" in time phrases (quantitative adjectives)
A1: Negative Words & Constructions
- Forming negative sentences using no (negation)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate stem-changing (e > ie) semi-regular -ar verbs in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate semi-regular pensar in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Questions & Interrogatives
- Forming questions with qué = what
A1: Nouns & Articles
- Forming the plural of nouns ending in a consonant (except -z)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate reflexive verbs in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using A + la/las + [time] to express at what time something takes place
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using este, esta, estos, estas to say this/these (demonstrative adjectives)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate ir + a + infinitive = to be going to (near future)
- Conjugate venir in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Expressing obligation with tener que
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate poder in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using deber, poder, querer + infinitive to express must, can, to want to
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Forming regular adverbs ending in -mente
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate soler in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate poner in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate traer and caer in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- How to say my, your, his, her, its and their (possessive adjectives)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using querría, quería and quisiera to politely say "I would like"
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate dar in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate ver in El Presente
- Conjugate oler in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate sentir in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using doler to say that something hurts
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate entender in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate leer in El Presente ( present tense)
- Conjugate jugar in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate decir and its derivatives in El Presente (present tense): predecir, bendecir, maldecir
- Conjugate saber in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Forming the singular feminine of -s ending nationality and place of origin adjectives
- Forming the plural of -s ending nationality and place of origin adjectives
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate oír in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using cada + noun for each (quantitative adjectives)
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate semi-regular stem-changing (e > ie) -er verbs in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate semi regular (e > i) verb pedir in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate stem-changing (e > i) verbs: corregir and elegir in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate stem-changing (e > i) verbs: seguir, conseguir, perseguir in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using para (and not por) for purpose, goal or objective
- Using por (and not para) to express a part of the day
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate stem-changing -ar verbs (o > ue) in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate stem-changing -er verbs (o > ue) in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate -ir stem-changing verbs (o > ue) in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate traducir and conducir in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate haber in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate stem-changing (e > ie) semi-regular -ir verbs in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate stem-changing e > i verbs: competir, reir, servir in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using ser (not estar) to say when / where something takes place
- Using ser (not estar) to talk about time, days, dates and seasons
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Using El Presente to express general facts
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Presente to talk about regular actions in the present
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Forming regular gerunds (-ing form)
- Forming El Presente Progresivo with estar + gerund (present progressive)
- Using El Presente Progresivo instead of El Presente (temporary vs permanent actions)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using ser (not estar) to introduce people
A1: Nouns & Articles
- Gender and plural formation of nouns ending in -e
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Forming the singular feminine of adjectives ending -e and -a
- Forming the plural of masculine and feminine adjectives ending in -e and -a
- Using ese, esa, esos, esas to say that/those (demonstrative adjectives)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using necesitar in El Presente to express a need (to do something)
- Using ser (not estar) to say what you do for a living
- Using ser (not estar) to describe relationships
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using más/menos for more/less/fewer as adjectives, pronouns and adverbs
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate deber in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Nouns & Articles
- Using unos, unas + plural nouns to say some / a few (plural indefinite articles)
- Using numbers + nouns
A1: Pronouns
- Difference between tú and tu (you and your) (singular informal)
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using preposition de to express possession
A1: Nouns & Articles
- Months are masculine
- Days of the week are masculine
- Letters of the alphabet are feminine
- Cardinal points are masculine
- Numbers are masculine
- Gender of living creatures
A1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Forming the singular feminine of -e ending nationality and origin adjectives
- Forming the plural of -e ending nationality and origin adjectives
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using ser (not estar) to express origin or nationality
A1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate -ger and -gir verbs with g > j change in El Presente (present tense)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Difference between hay and está
A1: Nouns & Articles
- Using definite articles el, la, los, las with bodyparts and clothing (definite articles)
- Forming the plural of nouns ending in -z
A1: Pronouns
- Tú vs Usted (informal vs formal)
A1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Telling the time in Spanish
A1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Preposition "a" (to) - general use (prepositions)
- Preposition "en" (on/in/inside/at) - general use (prepositions)
- Preposition "con" (with) - General use (prepositions)
- Using the preposition "de" with nouns for description
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Difference between este, ese and aquel (demonstrative adjectives)
- Use [verb] más [adjective/noun] que / menos [adjective/noun] que = more...than / less... than (comparatives)
- Using tan ... como = as ... as (comparatives with adjectives and adverbs)
- Using tanto como with verbs and nouns to say as much/many ... as (comparatives)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using estar (and not ser) to express relationship statuses
- Using gustar to say you like something (he likes, she likes, we like, you like, they like)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Spanish present tense consonant change c > zc in -cer/-cir verbs
- Conjugate recordar, acordar and acordarse o > ue stem changing -ar verbs in El Presente (present tense)
A2: Pronouns
- Using lo, la, los, las = him, her, it, them (direct object pronouns)
- How to say ours and yours plural (possessive pronouns)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular -ar verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
A2: Pronouns
- Using le and les = [to] it,him, her, them (indirect object pronouns)
- Using me, te, le, nos, os, les (indirect object pronouns)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using había to say there was / there were
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate and recognise ir and ser in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate estar in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate hacer in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using demasiado, bastante, suficiente, poco, tanto and mucho to express quantity (quantitative adjectives)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate dar in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate ver in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate regular -ar verbs in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect)
- Conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect)
- Conjugate huir and construir in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate tener in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular -er verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido: leer, creer and proveer (simple past)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using hubo = there was / there were (simple past)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using para (not por) for a deadline/time limit
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate poder in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verbs ending in -car in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verbs ending in -gar in el Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verbs ending in -zar in el Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular poner and its derivatives in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular -ir verbs stem changing (e > i) in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate venir in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate andar in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Using El Preterito Indefinido for completed actions in the past
- Conjugate querer in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular decir and its derivatives in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Use "hace" for "ago" with El Pretérito Indefinido
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate irregular verb oír in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using para (not por) for a destination
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate irregular verbs dormir and morir in Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate traer in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular -ducir verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido: introducir, producir, traducir, conducir
- Conjugate ser in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate ver in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate ir in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect past)
- Using El Pretérito Imperfecto to express habits or repeated actions in the past (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate irregular -er verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido: caber, saber (simple past)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Expressing instructions and general statements with the impersonal se = one
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Using El Preterito Imperfecto to describe a situation in the past
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Aquel, aquella, aquellos, aquellas = that/those [over there] (demonstrative adjectives)
A2: Pronouns
- Using esto, este, esta, estos, estas to say "this", "this one" and "these ones" (demonstrative pronouns)
- Using ese, esa, esos, esas, eso for that one, those ones and that (demonstrative pronouns)
- Using aquel, aquella, aquellos, aquellas for that one (over there), those ones (over there) and that (over there) (demonstrative pronouns)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using aquí, ahí and allí = here and there
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using antes de /después de [noun/infinitive] for before/after [something/doing something]
A2: Pronouns
- Using algo to say something or anything
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using algún (a, as, os) to say some or any
A2: Pronouns
- Using alguien to say someone or anyone
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Regular verb hacer in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Regular verb tener in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Conjugate semi-regular verb pedir in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using preposition con followed by a pronoun to say with me, you, him, her, us, you (plural), them
A2: Pronouns
- Using nada to say nothing or not anything
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using the negative ningún (a, os, as) = not any
A2: Pronouns
- Using nadie to say no one, nobody and not anyone
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate irregular verbs ending in -uir in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Forming the imperative of tú for most verbs (affirmative commands)
- Forming the imperative of tú for all irregular verbs (irregular affirmative commands)
- Forming the imperative of vosotros for all verbs (affirmative commands)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using por (not para) to express the originating cause or reason
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular -ar verbs in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
- Conjugate regular -er, -ir verbs in El Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto (present perfect)
- Irregular past participles ending in -to/-cho
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Preterito Perfecto (not El Pretérito Indefinido) to talk about experiences
- Using todavía no with El Pretérito Perfecto = not yet (negative expression)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Using ya with El Pretérito Perfecto
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using desde (hace) with El Presente instead of El Pretérito Perfecto to express since/for
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate ver in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- When to use the perfect tense versus the simple past in European Spanish (Perfecto vs Indefinido)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate estar in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect tense)
- Forming irregular gerunds (-ing form)
- Forming El Imperfecto Progresivo with estar + gerund (imperfect progressive)
- Spanish present tense consonant change c>z in -cer/-cir verbs
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using por (not para) to express "through/along" (a place)
- Using por (not para) to express approximate location
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Forming comparative adjectives mayor/menor/mejor/peor
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using para (not por) to express opinion
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using estar (not ser) when talking about feelings and emotions
- How to say "to love something/doing something"
- How to say "something bores/annoys/saddens you"
A2: Nouns & Articles
- Nouns ending in -or are masculine
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using estar (not ser) when talking about physical condition of something, someone or a place
- Using ser+preposition para (not estar) to indicate a recipient
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using para (not por) to express the recipient of an action
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using ser (not estar) with the preposition para, to indicate a purpose
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- How to say our and your (possessive adjectives)
- Forming the singular of masculine and feminine adjectives ending in -z and -l
- Forming the plural of masculine and feminine adjectives ending in -z and -l
- Forming the singular and plural of adjectives ending in -án, ón, -or
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate hacer in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
A2: Nouns & Articles
- Gender of nouns ending in -umbre, -ión, -dad, -tad, -tis and -sis and their plural
- Using the diminutive suffix -ito, -ita, -itos and -itas with words ending in -o/-a/-io/-ia
- Using the diminutive suffix -illo, -cillo, -ecillo, -ececillo
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate caber in El Presente (present tense)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using the conjunction que to say that
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Ningún, ninguna + noun + verb = No [noun] + verb (negation)
- Using demasiado, bastante, un poco, and muy for too, quite, a bit, and very (quantitative adverbs)
A2: Pronouns
- Using demasiado, bastante, suficiente, poco, tanto and mucho to express quantity (quantitative pronouns)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Forming exclamatory sentences with qué [noun] or qué [adjective]
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate soler in El Pretérito Imperfecto
A2: Pronouns
- How to say mine, yours, his, hers, its and theirs (possessive pronouns)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate -cir verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using todo, toda, todos and todas to say all, every and the whole (indefinite adjectives)
A2: Pronouns
- Using todo to say everything or all (of it) (indefinite pronoun)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate decir in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Expressing obligation with hay que
A2: Negative Words & Constructions
- Forming negative sentences using no (negation) with complex verbal structures
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using es bueno/malo or está bien/mal
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
- Using cómo, dónde and cuándo in interrogative, exclamatory and indirect sentences
- Difference between porque and por qué (because and why)
A2: Pronouns
- Using alguno, alguna, algunos and algunas to say some, one or any (pronouns)
- Using the negative ninguno, ninguna, ningunos and ningunas to say not any (indefinite pronoun)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using prepositions a, para, por, de, en, sin, hacia followed by a pronoun
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate deber in El Pretérito Imperfecto
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using otro, otra, otros, otras to say another, other (indefinite adjectives)
A2: Pronouns
- Using otro, otra, otros, otras to say another/another one, other, others (indefinite pronouns)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate poder in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Conjugate querer in El Pretérito Imperfecto
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Acabar de + [infinitive] = to have just done / just did something
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate poner and its derivatives in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
A2: Nouns & Articles
- Using plural definite article + number + noun
- Using unos, unas + number = about/approximately
A2: Pronouns
- Using numbers as pronouns
A2: Nouns & Articles
- Gender and plural of nouns ending in -ma (greek origin)
- Gender and plural of nouns ending in -esa, -triz, -ina, -isa
- Some nouns ending in -o (shortened from a feminine noun) are feminine
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Personal "a" verbs (ver, visitar, buscar, conocer)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Más que/Menos que vs Más de/Menos de (More/Less than)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using definite articles + mismo to say "the same"
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using porque, como and es que to express cause (subordinate causal clauses)
- Difference between pero, sino and sino que (but)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Sentir vs Sentirse (to feel)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate ser in El Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto (present perfect)
A2: Questions & Interrogatives
- Using Cuánto + noun to ask how much/how many (interrogative adjective)
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using para (and not por) to say who you work for
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using the infinitive (not the gerund) as the subject/object of the verb
A2: Numbers, Time & Date
- Doing arithmetic (numbers, addition, subtraction, multiplication, division)
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- How to use question tags: ¿no? ¿verdad?
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Expressing duration with durante/por/no preposition
- Using prepositions entre and según followed by a pronoun
A2: Numbers, Time & Date
- Forming ordinal numbers (1st, 2nd, 10th...)
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Cada uno/a de [noun/pronoun] for each one of [something/someone]
A2: Numbers, Time & Date
- Expressing large numbers: hundreds, thousands, millions and billions
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using desde/de/hasta/a for from/to
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using varios/varias to say some (indefinite adjectives and pronouns)
A2: Nouns & Articles
- Nouns that are plural in English but singular in Spanish, and vice versa
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Adjectives as nouns
- Yo también/yo tampoco/a mí también/a mí tampoco for me too, me neither
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Most verbs of perception usually use the present, not the modal poder (I can see, I can smell, I can hear, I can feel)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Forming singular and plural of adjectives ending in -ar
- How to say the most / the least + adjective (superlatives)
- How to say the best/the worst/the oldest/the youngest (irregular superlatives)
B1: Pronouns
- Que/ el cual/ la cual/ los cuales/ quien/ quienes = who, that, which (relative pronouns)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular -ar, -er, and -ir verbs in El Pluscuamperfecto de Indicativo (pluperfect)
- Conjugate hacer, escribir, ver, decir, poner in El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto (pluperfect)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Pluscuamperfecto to indicate that a past action happens before another past action (pluperfect)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Using ya with El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto
B1: Pronouns
- Pronouns le / les become se when used with lo, la, los, las (indirect with direct pronouns)
- Using lo que = what, which, that which, the thing that (relative pronouns)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular -ar verbs in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate irregular verb ir in El Presente de Subjuntivo.
- Conjugate ser in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Querer que is always followed by El Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using esperar que + El Presente de Subjuntivo to express hope
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Bueno, malo, grande become buen, mal, gran before a noun (apócope)
- Primero and tercero become primer and tercer before a noun (apócope)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular -ar, -er and -ir verbs in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
- Conjugate tener in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
- Conjugate irregular verb decir in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
- Conjugate irregular verb salir in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
B1: Negative Words & Constructions
- Using nunca in negative sentences
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Cuando + El Presente de Subjuntivo vs Cuando + El Presente de Indicativo
- Using El Futuro Simple (simple future) to express probabilities or predictions in the future
- Using El Futuro Simple (simple future) for prediction, speculation and probability in the present
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
- Asking questions about people with preposition + quién
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate in El Imperativo with reflexive pronouns (affirmative commands)
- Using double pronouns with El Imperativo
- Conjugate irregular verb poder in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
- Conjugate irregular verb querer in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using por (and not para) in exchange for something
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate irregular verb hacer in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
- Conjugate irregular verb poner in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using por (not para) to express medium
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate irregular verbs caber and saber in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
- Conjugate valer in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
- Difference between dónde and donde (with and without a written accent)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate yo-go verbs in El Presente de Subjuntivo
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using ojalá + El Presente de Subjuntivo to express hope (present subjunctive)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate irregular verb venir in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
B1: Pronouns
- Position of pronouns with conjugated verbs
- Position of direct and indirect object pronouns with infinitive/gerund and affirmative commands
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular verbs in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
- Conjugate hacer in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
- Conjugate tener in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Mientras with El Presente de Indicativo or El Presente de Subjuntivo
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate poder in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
- Conjugate querer in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Difference between saber and conocer (to know)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate poner in El Condicional Simple
- Conjugate decir in El Condicional Simple
- Conjugate salir in El Condicional Simple
- Conjugate valer in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
- Conjugate stem-changing -car verbs (c > qu) in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate -gar verbs where g > gu in all forms in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Verbs ending in -zar change z > c in all forms in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate venir in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
- Using El Subjuntivo or El Indicativo after tal vez and quizás to express doubt
- Conjugate irregular estar in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate irregular verb dar in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate irregular verb saber in El Presente de Subjuntivo
- Conjugate e > i verbs in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate -ar verbs with o > ue change in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate -er verbs with o > ue change in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate 1st and 2nd person plural verbs with vowel change o > u in El Presente de Subjuntivo
- Conjugate -ger and -gir verbs with g > j change in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Using deber to say should
- Conjugate tener que (would have to) in El Condicional Simple
- Conjugate irregular -er verbs caber and saber in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
- Spanish -uir verbs in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using por (and not para) to communicate price
- Using por (and not para) to express distribution or sharing
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate irregular verb haber in El Futuro Simple (simple future)
- Conjugate haber in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using ser (not estar) + de to indicate ownership
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using por (and not para) to talk about speed
- Using para (and not por) for precise time location
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using estar (not ser) + de for a temporary job
- Using estar (not ser) + preposition a with fluctuating quantities and prices
- Using estar hecho de or ser de to indicate what something is made of
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Some -zar verbs change z > c and e > ie in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using ir in El Pretérito Imperfecto to express was/were going to [do something]
- Using el Preterito Indefinido combined with cuando + Preterito Imperfecto
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Using El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto with aún no/todavía no
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using the suffixes -ísimo, -ísima, -ísimos, -ísimas to say extremely/very
- How to say "extremely/really" with adjectives ending in -co, -go, -ble and -z
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Presente in order to refer to a future action (only future time indications)
- Forming passive sentences with "se" (la pasiva refleja)
B1: Nouns & Articles
- Using the diminutive suffix -cito, -cita, -citos and -citas with words ending in -e, -n, and -r
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Si [if] followed by present indicative + main clause (present tense/future tense)
- Si [if] followed by present indicative + main clause [command/request/advise]
B1: Nouns & Articles
- Nouns ending in -aje are masculine
B1: Pronouns
- Reciprocal verbs in Spanish and position of the reflexive pronoun
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using dejar de + [infinitive] = to stop doing something/to give up something
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Forming El Pretérito Indefinido progresivo with estar + gerundio (past progressive)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using Hace + length of time + que + present tense to say how long one has done something
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate deber in El Condicional Simple (conditional)
- Conjugate c>zc verbs -cer/-cir in El presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate poder [o > ue change] in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate stem changing -ar verbs (e > ie) in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B1: Nouns & Articles
- Gender of nouns ending in -ista and -crata
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate stem changing -er verbs (e > ie) in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate stem-changing verb querer (e > ie) in El presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using the gerund to say by [doing something]
- Using Estar a punto de + [infinitive] = to be about to do something
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Forming the imperative of tú/ vosotros/vosotras (negative commands)
- Forming the imperative for usted/ustedes/nosotros/nosotras (affirmative and negative commands)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using acabar/terminar + [infinitive/gerund] = to end up doing something
- Using volver a + [infinitive] to express repetition of an action
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Difference between Sí and Si (with or without accent)
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
- Difference between cómo and como (with and without an accent)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate -ir verbs with e > ie change in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Difference between qué and que (with and without an accent)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate (e > i) and (gu > g) verbs: seguir, conseguir, perseguir in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using poder to say could [do something] for polite requests and suggestions (conditional simple)
B1: Nouns & Articles
- Some nouns have both genders without a change of meaning
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
- Using cuál/cuáles = which/what (interrogative pronouns)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using se debe/n and se puede/n + infinitive to say you must / you can (passive)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using junto, junta, juntos and juntas = together
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Imperfecto vs El indefinido (time markers)
- Había vs Hubo (Imperfect vs Preterite)
- Empezar/comenzar + a + [infinitivo] = to begin/start doing something
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
- Difference between cuándo and cuando (with and without an accent)
B1: Nouns & Articles
- Using neuter article Lo + adjective + ser in Spanish
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using the verb "tardar" = to take time
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Past participles as adjectives
B1: Questions & Interrogatives
- Using qué before a noun in indirect questions
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using Cuánto + noun in exclamations about quantities
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate haber in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using gustar in El condicional = would like [to do something]
B1: Pronouns
- Repetition of indirect object pronouns with verbs like gustar
B1: Negative Words & Constructions
- Using ni... ni... for neither... nor...
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Use Hace + length of time + que + El Indefinido to say how long ago something happened
- Quedar, Quedarse and Quedarle (Different meanings of verb quedar)
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Forming El Pretérito Perfecto Progresivo with estar + gerund (present perfect progressive)
- Forming El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto Progresivo with estar + gerund (pluperfect progressive)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Difference between "poco" and "un poco"
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using "menos" to say except
- Use El Futuro Próximo (not El Presente Progresivo) for future arrangements
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate ser in El Condicional Simple (conditional tense)
- Conjugate estar in El Condicional Simple (conditional tense)
B1: Pronouns
- Difference between quién and quien (with and without an accent)
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Igual de ... que = as ... as (comparatives with adjectives and adverbs)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using debido a / debido a que for because of / due to
B1: Numbers, Time & Date
- Expressing fractions in Spanish
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using llevar + gerund to express duration of an action
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Difference between Más and Mas (with or without a written accent)
B1: Nouns & Articles
- Presence of the definite articles el/la/los/las
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Use estar to talk about dates, days of the week and seasons (colloquial)
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using así que/ por lo tanto (subordinate result clauses)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using "o sea/es decir" to clarify, explain and express a consequence
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- When the conjunction y becomes e
- When the conjunction o becomes u
- Using por (and not para) to say "by" [whom/what]
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Forming exclamatory sentences with qué + noun + más/tan + adjective
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Long form possessive adjectives (my, your, his, her, our, their)
B1: Nouns & Articles
- Using the augmentative suffixes -azo, -ote, -ón
B1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using yo sí/yo no/a mí sí/a mí no (I do/I don't) to disagree with something just said
- Using cierto, cierta, ciertos, ciertas for certain (indefinite adjectives)
- Using unos cuantos/unas cuantas + noun (quantitative adjectives)
B1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Gustar and similar verbs in past tenses
- How to say "to be looking forward" with tener ganas and estar deseando
- How to say I think so/I guess so /I hope so
- Using El Condicional to express hypothesis/wish/suggestion in the present or future
- Using terminar de+ [infinitive] = to finish doing something
B1: Nouns & Articles
- Gender of nouns ending in -ez/-eza in Spanish
B1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using mientras que/en cambio for comparison/contrast
B1: Pronouns
- Costar vs Costar a alguien algo
B1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Some -iar verbs in El Presente take an accent (liar, enviar, criar)
- -uar verbs in El Presente (actuar, continuar)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using se debe/se puede to say You must/you can (impersonal sentences)
- Using the subjunctive with negative opinion phrases
B2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using cualquier/a to express any (indirect adjectives)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular verbs in El Futuro Perfecto (future perfect)
- Conjugate irregular verbs in El Futuro Perfecto
B2: Pronouns
- Using preposition [except a and de] + el que, la que, los que, las que = with/for/on which (relative pronouns)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular verbs in El Condicional Perfecto
- Conjugate irregular verbs in El Condicional Perfecto
- Deber in El Conditional Simple + haber + participle = should have
B2: Pronouns
- Using Cuánto + verb in exclamations about quantities
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Using adverbial clauses para que, antes (de) que, hasta que, con tal (de) que, etc. + El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate verbs in El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
- Conjugate estar in El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
- Conjugate tener in El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Imperfecto Subjuntivo in hypothetical clauses introduced by si followed by El Condicional Simple
B2: Pronouns
- Using [preposition] + lo que = with, for, on + what (relative pronouns)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate regular -ar, -er and -ir verbs in El Pretérito Perfecto Subjuntivo (present perfect subjunctive)
- Conjugate hacer, escribir, poner and other irregular verbs in El Pretérito Perfecto Subjuntivo
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Preterito Perfecto de Subjuntivo after esperar que to express a completed action in the past
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate haber in El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
- Conjugate verbs in El Pretérito Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo (pluperfect subjunctive)
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using por (not para) to express "on behalf of"
- Using para (not por) to express unequal relations/surprising facts
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using [verb] + tan + [adjective/adverb] + que to say "so... that..."
- Using [verb] + tanto/a/os/as + [noun]+ que = [verb] so much/many...that...
- Using gustar to express personal attraction
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Using the imperfect subjunctive after the conjunction como si (subordinate manner clauses)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using demonstrative adjectives to refer to time (present, past and future)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Forming the passive voice with ser + participle (+ por) (passive - simple tenses)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using conjunction al + infinitive/perfect infinitive = when doing/ because of doing [something]
- Using preposition a + infinitive to express a command
- Using verbs seguir/continuar + gerund = to keep on [doing something]
- Using the subjunctive with impersonal expressions
- Using the subjunctive to express doubt or uncertainty
B2: Pronouns
- Using preposition a and de + el que, la que, los que, las que = to/of/from/about which/who (relative pronouns)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using the subjunctive with verbs that express "wish" and "feeling"
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate c>z -cer/-cir verbs in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- El Imperfecto progresivo vs El Indefinido progresivo (was +ing)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate irregular verb jugar in El presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
- Conjugate o > ue and z >c change verbs in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Use the infinitive after prepositions (not gerund)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Conjugate -ger and -gir verbs with g > j and e > i change in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using que to introduce a warning or threat
- Using que to express cause
- Using poder to say could have [done something] (modal verbs)
- Using El Imperfecto vs El indefinido (general use)
- Using querer in El pretérito Indefinido vs El pretérito Imperfecto
- Using poder in El pretérito Indefinido vs El pretérito Imperfecto (could in past actions)
B2: Nouns & Articles
- Feminine nouns starting with a stressed "a" sometimes use masculine articles and quantifiers
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Quedarse + [gerund] = to do something continuously
B2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Position of adjectives in Spanish
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using convertirse en / ponerse / hacerse / quedarse to express "to become" (verbs of change)
- Using the subjunctive with impersonal expressions in the conditional (Sería+adjective+que)
- Using haber to say would have [done something]
- Using poder in El pretérito Perfecto and El Pretérito Indefinido for "could" in past actions
- Using the gerund to say while [doing something]
- Impersonal sentences using the ellos form of the verb
- Aunque + El Presente vs El Presente de Subjuntivo
B2: Pronouns
- Repetition of direct object pronouns
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Preterito Perfecto de Subjuntivo after esperar que to express a completed action in the future
- Using Qué poco/s + verb/noun to express surprise about a small quantity or infrequency
- Using the verb ser in El Imperfecto vs. El Indefinido
- Using the verb estar in El Imperfecto vs. El Indefinido
- Using the verb tener in El Imperfecto vs. El Indefinido
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Aunque + El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Deber versus Deber de (obligation and assumption)
B2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Difference between aún and aun (with and without a written accent)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using the "accidental" reflexive (se) with an indirect object pronoun
- Using Hacía + length of time + que + the imperfect tense to express duration in the past
- Using volverse to express to become/to turn (verbs of change)
B2: Pronouns
- Using algo de + noun to express some of/a bit of [something]
- Using Todo aquel que for "anyone who/whoever/those who" (demonstratives)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Antes de/Después de followed by haber + participle
B2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using neuter article Lo + adverb/adjective + que + verb in Spanish
B2: Pronouns
- Repetition of indirect object pronouns with verbs (general)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using antes de que/después de que with indicative or subjunctive (subordinate time clauses)
- Cuanto más/cuanto menos... for The more/The less...
- Using quisiera for I would like (alternative to querría)
B2: Questions & Interrogatives
- Difference between adónde/adonde/dónde/donde
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Querer que is always followed by El Subjuntivo (imperfect subjunctive)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Subjuntivo after puede que to express possibility
- Using desde que / hasta que (since/until) with indicative and subjunctive (subordinate time clauses)
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Ya que/ Puesto que/ Porque/No porque followed by indicative/subjunctive (subordinate causal clauses)
B2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Cuando + indicative for past events (subordinate time clauses)
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Mientras with past tenses in the indicative and subjunctive (subordinate time/conditional clauses)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Para que followed by El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo (purpose subordinate clauses)
B2: Pronouns
- Relative clauses with the indicative and the subjunctive (subordinate relative clauses)
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using the infinitive to express a request/command/give instructions
- Using haber + participle (perfect infinitive)
B2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using ya/ya no meaning now/already/finally/any longer
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using El Futuro Perfecto to talk about the past (future perfect)
- Using El Futuro Perfecto to talk about completed actions in the future with reference to another future action (future perfect)
- Pedir followed by El Presente de Subjuntivo to ask someone to do something
- Pedir followed by El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo to ask someone to do something
- How to say "must have [done something] with the verb deber
- Using ser de un/una [noun]
- Por culpa de/gracias a = because of/thanks to
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Si [if] followed by past tenses in the indicative
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Some adjectives change meaning when used with ser or estar
B2: Pronouns
- Ello versus eso (it/that): pronouns
B2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- How to use olvidar/olvidarse for "to forget" (pronominal verbs/accidental se)
- Impersonal statements followed by the infinitive or by the subjunctive with que
- How to say "to have something done" in Spanish - mainly beauty and body contexts
- How to say I can't wait/I can't wait to do something with "no ver la hora (de/en que)"
- Using El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo with verbs giving advice/order (sugerir, recomendar, prohibir)
- Como/cuando/donde/quien with indicative or subjunctive
- Using El Presente de Subjuntivo with verbs giving advice / order (sugerir, recomendar, prohibir)
- Para que followed by El Presente de Subjuntivo (purpose subordinate clauses)
- Using El Condicional to talk about a future in the past
B2: Nouns & Articles
- Using the neuter article "lo" to refer to a clause, verb, adjective or adverb
B2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using por for due to / because of / for (subordinate causal clauses)
- Sin/sin que + infinitive/subjuntive (subordinate manner clause)
- Siempre que/a condición de que (subordinate conditional clauses)
- Según / conforme / a medida que for "as / when / at the same time as" (subordinate time clause)
- Según / conforme = as / as per / according to (subordinate manner clause)
B2: Pronouns
- Dormir vs Dormirse (pronominal verbs)
- Animar vs Animarse (pronominal verbs)
- Dejar vs Dejarse
- Position of reflexive and direct object pronouns with infinitive/gerund and affirmative commands
- Acordar vs Acordarse (pronominal verbs)
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Darle a alguien por [hacer] algo = to take up something/to feel like doing something (perífrasis verbal)
C1: Nouns & Articles
- Ser + de lo más + adjective to emphasise a quality or defect of someone/something (neutral article)
C1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using dicho, dicha, dichos, dichas to say this/these (formal)
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using poner/poner(se) + a + infinitive = to start to carry out an action
- Using que at the beginning of a question to express disbelief (without a written accent)
- Using modal verbs in the passive voice
- Using tener + participio to express the completion of an action
- Using El Presente to order, advise or make a request
- Using El Pluscuamperfecto Subjuntivo in hypothetical clauses (si) followed by El Condicional Perfecto/ El Pluscuamperfecto de Subjuntivo
- Using lo de que + conjugated verb / lo de + noun / infinitive / adverb to refer to something already mentioned
- Using ir + [gerund] to emphasise the progression of an action
C1: Nouns & Articles
- Using infinitives as nouns with the definite article El
- Using el de/la de/los de/las de to specify what/who you are talking about
C1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Difference between porqué and por que (noun vs preposition + conjunction)
C1: Pronouns
- Using el que, la que, los que, las que = the one/ones who/that (relative pronouns)
- Using cuyo, cuya, cuyos, cuyas to say whose + noun (relative adjective)
C1: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Forming the passive voice with ser + participle (Compound tenses - passive voice)
- Forming the passive voice with progressive tenses (passive voice)
C1: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Using más que for "only / just"
C1: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using "anda, anda que, anda que no" for surprise, encouragement, emphasis (interjections)
- El/la/los/las + noun + que + verbo to indicate quantity/intensity (exclamations)
- Using the gerund as a command
- Using ser or no ser + mucho de/ muy de/ tanto de/ más de + infinitive
- Haber de + infinitive to express formal obligation or future action
- Tratar/ Tratar de and Tratarse de
- Using El Condicional simple or El Condicional Perfecto to express objection/disbelief to a statement said before
- Using "como si" + El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo for an ironic reproach
- Cuando + El Imperfecto de Subjuntivo (When + the imperfect subjunctive)
- Tocar + infinitive for "it is time for someone to do something"
- A + [time] + de + infinitive for within + [time] of + gerund
- Using con lo cual / por lo cual to mean therefore (connectives)
- Using Ni que + subjuntivo
- Repetition of a word to give emphasis
- Using El Presente to narrate past events
- Using andar + gerundio to express "going around" [doing something]
- Using El Futuro simple or El Futuro Perfecto to express objection/disbelief to a statement said before
- Using haber + participle for you should/shouldn't have done something
- Using gustar de [algo/hacer algo] to formally express liking
- How to say to remind someone of something with the verb recordar
- Using El Pretérito Imperfecto to refer to a present action/future action
- Using El Condicional/El Futuro Simple to narrate past actions
- Using Cómo/dónde/quién/qué + ir a + infinitive to state the obvious/impossible
- Using venir a + infinitive to indicate approximation/end of a process (perífrasis verbal)
- Lo que + verb + subject for emphasis
- Using dar algo por + participle/adjective
- How to say to have something done with a sentence using the verb in the 3rd person plural
- A tan solo + [length of time] + de for just [some time] before
- Using Qué + noun/adjective/adverb + que + present subjunctive to express feelings
- Estar para + infinitive to say someone/something is ready for something
- Using El Futuro Simple and El Futuro Perfecto to express surprise or rejection
- Using ir por to express what point/stage someone has reached
- Using ser fácil/difícil + infinitive vs ser fácil/difícil de + infinitive
- Using con lo que + indicativo for despite
- Using hacer/mandar + infinitive for "to have something done"
- Tal como/cual = Just as... (subordinate manner clauses)
- La de + noun + que + verb to intensify
- Using ¿a que...? to seek confirmation/ to threat/ to predict
- Por mucho / más / muy que for no matter how much
- Using llevar + participio to express the completion of an action so far
- Using the imperative of mirar/oír with specific meanings -irony, attention, supposition
- Si + Imperfect subjunctive for "if only/I wish"
C1: Negative Words & Constructions
- Using negative conjunction ni/ni siquiera
C1: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Use of preposition a with verbs ir, salir, venir
- Using que + El Presente de Subjuntivo to express a wish/command
- Using the pluperfect subjunctive after the conjunction como si (subordinate manner clauses)
- Using conque to express therefore/so
- Using "por si/por si acaso" for "in case" (subordinate conditional clause)
- Difference between por mí que and para mí que
- Using como as "if" (subordinate conditional clause)
- Using preposition "a" to indicate how/in which style something is done
- De + infinitive (subordinate conditional clause)
- Con tal de que / Con tal de (subordinate purpose and conditional clause)
- Using de tan/tanto + que/como to express a cause (subordinate causal clause)
C1: Pronouns
- Encontrar vs Encontrarse (pronominal verbs)
- No sé vs No lo sé = I don't know
- Dativo de interés - specific use of indirect object pronouns
- Jugar vs Jugarse (pronominal verbs)
- Hay/tengo/quiero vs lo hay/lo tengo/lo quiero (presence/absence of the direct object pronoun)
- Aprovechar vs Aprovecharse (pronominal verbs)
- Lo + possessive pronouns