El Pretérito Perfecto del Subjuntivo is formed like this:
| yo | haya | |
| tú | hayas | |
| él | haya | + past participle |
| nosotros | hayamos | |
| vosotros | hayáis | |
| ellos | hayan |
Read and listen to these regular verbs conjugated in El Pretérito Perfecto del Subjuntivo:
Tal vez yo haya estudiado mucho para el examen.
I might have studied a lot for the exam.
Me alegro de que hayas viajado a diferentes países.
I am pleased that you have travelled to different countries.
Espero que el chico haya comido bien.
I hope that the boy has eaten well.
No creo que nosotros hayamos corrido tantos kilómetros.
I don’t believe that we have run that many kilometers.
No pienso que vosotros hayáis dormido lo suficiente.
I don’t think that you all have slept enough.
Espero que ellos hayan conseguido el trabajo.
I hope that they have got the job.
Tal vez has vivido antes aquí. (indicative mood)
You might have lived here before.
Tal vez hayas vivido antes aquí. (subjunctive mood)
You might have lived here before.
Remember how to form regular -ar, -er and -ir past participles:
habl-ar -> habl-ado
com-er -> com-ido
viv-ir -> viv-ido
See also
1. Conjugate haber in El Presente de Subjuntivo (present subjunctive)
2. Conjugate hacer, escribir, poner and other irregular verbs in El Pretérito Perfecto Subjuntivo
Learn more about these related Spanish grammar topics
Examples and resources
Tal vez yo haya estudiado mucho para el examen.
I might have studied a lot for the exam.
Me alegro de que hayas viajado a diferentes países.
I am pleased that you have travelled to different countries.
Espero que el chico haya comido bien.
I hope that the boy has eaten well.
No pienso que vosotros hayáis dormido lo suficiente.
I don’t think that you all have slept enough.
No creo que nosotros hayamos corrido tantos kilómetros.
I don’t believe that we have run that many kilometers.
Tal vez hayas vivido antes aquí. (subjunctive mood)
You might have lived here before.
Espero que ellos hayan conseguido el trabajo.
I hope that they have got the job.
Tal vez has vivido antes aquí. (indicative mood)
You might have lived here before.
Q&A Forum 5 questions, 6 answers
Mistake?
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I understand what generally triggers the subjunctive....
But in this specific example of the Preterito Perfecto Subjuntivo....
Cuando hayas hecho tus deberes puedes ir a jugar fuera.
Is it incorrect to also use.....
Cuando has hecho tus deberes puedes ir a jugar fuera.
Just curious if they are interchangeable in their use. Thank you.
Nelson
I understand what generally triggers the subjunctive....
But in this specific example of the Preterito Perfecto Subjuntivo....
Cuando hayas hecho tus deberes puedes ir a jugar fuera.
Is it incorrect to also use.....
Cuando has hecho tus deberes puedes ir a jugar fuera.
Just curious if they are interchangeable in their use. Thank you.
Nelson
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getting closer!
OK. I get it...I think! It is because the first clause expresses "emotion". Therefore it seems to be more a function of formality, a rule, not a matter of doubt. Because, I could be in fact happy that you travelled the world. Right? Or, is there another way to convey that "I am pleased that..." as fact and not use the subjunctive?
I appologize if I appear to be running in circles, and chasing my tail! I greatly appreciate your imput!
Exactly Papi,
The clue is in the first clause expressing emotion or feeling.
The subjunctive is not only about doubt; there is more to it.
Hopefully we will very soon have more specific lessons covering different uses of subjunctive.
You don't need to apologize, we are here to help. :))
Inma
getting closer!
OK. I get it...I think! It is because the first clause expresses "emotion". Therefore it seems to be more a function of formality, a rule, not a matter of doubt. Because, I could be in fact happy that you travelled the world. Right? Or, is there another way to convey that "I am pleased that..." as fact and not use the subjunctive?
I appologize if I appear to be running in circles, and chasing my tail! I greatly appreciate your imput!
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Pondering subjunctive
It appears to me that by deciding to use subjuctive in the second clause of the sentence, creates the doubt. Therefore, however I set up the statement does not really matter. Generally, I will have created doubt. I am guess that generally the doubt it pushed onto the first clause, meaning:
Me alegro de que hayas viajado a diferentes países.
I am pleased that you have travelled to different countries.
Me alego (I am pleased, as long as it was pleasing, but maybe it was not so pleasing for you afterall)... or is it that I am pleased, but you may not have really travelled the world. Which is the sentiment? Am I on the right track? I am guessing the first.
What is the sentiment if I were to say "Estoy feliz que hayas viajado a diferentes países".
Papi
It is the main sentence "Me alegro que.." the one that is expressing a feeling/emotion (by the subject, in this case yo). Therefore the subordinate clause (after que...) will be in the subjunctive mood (que hayas viajado a diferentes países).
What triggers the use of subjunctive in the subordinate clause is the expression of emotion in the first sentence. Soon we will have a specific lesson about this called "Use the subjunctive with verbs that express "wish" and "feeling".
Thank you for sharing your doubts with us.
Un saludo
Inma
Pondering subjunctive
It appears to me that by deciding to use subjuctive in the second clause of the sentence, creates the doubt. Therefore, however I set up the statement does not really matter. Generally, I will have created doubt. I am guess that generally the doubt it pushed onto the first clause, meaning:
Me alegro de que hayas viajado a diferentes países.
I am pleased that you have travelled to different countries.
Me alego (I am pleased, as long as it was pleasing, but maybe it was not so pleasing for you afterall)... or is it that I am pleased, but you may not have really travelled the world. Which is the sentiment? Am I on the right track? I am guessing the first.
What is the sentiment if I were to say "Estoy feliz que hayas viajado a diferentes países".
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El Pretérito Perfecto del Subjuntivo
Please, help me understand the difference:
Me alegro de que hayas viajado a diferentes países.
I am pleased that you have travelled to different countries.
To me the english deffinition appears to be equal to the present perfect "has viajado". Is it that there is doubt that you have actually travelled to different countries? or....is there something else that needs to be read into the use of subjunctive here.
Hola Papi
In this case we need the subjunctive because we have an introductory sentence which expresses "emotion" (Me alegro de que...=I am glad that...). It would be the same case with "Me entristece que..." (It saddens me that...), "Nos preocupa que..." (It worries us that...) or "Me pone nervioso que..." (It makes me nervous that...), for example.
I hope this clarified your doubt.
Gracias y un saludo
Inma
El Pretérito Perfecto del Subjuntivo
Please, help me understand the difference:
Me alegro de que hayas viajado a diferentes países.
I am pleased that you have travelled to different countries.
To me the english deffinition appears to be equal to the present perfect "has viajado". Is it that there is doubt that you have actually travelled to different countries? or....is there something else that needs to be read into the use of subjunctive here.
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