A2: Lower Intermediate
A2: Adjectives & Adverbs
- Difference between este, ese and aquel (demonstrative adjectives)
- Use [verb] más [adjective/noun] que / menos [adjective/noun] que = more...than / less... than (comparatives)
- Using tan ... como = as ... as (comparatives with adjectives and adverbs)
- Using tanto como with verbs and nouns to say as much/many ... as (comparatives)
- Using demasiado, bastante, suficiente, poco, tanto and mucho to express quantity (quantitative adjectives)
- Aquel, aquella, aquellos, aquellas = that/those [over there] (demonstrative adjectives)
- Using aquí, ahí and allí = here and there
- Using algún (a, as, os) to say some or any
- Using the negative ningún (a, os, as) = not any
- Forming comparative adjectives mayor/menor/mejor/peor
- How to say our and your (possessive adjectives)
- Forming the singular of masculine and feminine adjectives ending in -z and -l
- Forming the plural of masculine and feminine adjectives ending in -z and -l
- Forming the singular and plural of adjectives ending in -án, ón, -or
- Ningún, ninguna + noun + verb = No [noun] + verb (negation)
- Using demasiado, bastante, un poco, and muy for too, quite, a bit, and very (quantitative adverbs)
- Using todo, toda, todos and todas to say all, every and the whole (indefinite adjectives)
- Using otro, otra, otros, otras to say another, other (indefinite adjectives)
- Más que/Menos que vs Más de/Menos de (More/Less than)
- Cada uno/a de [noun/pronoun] for each one of [something/someone]
- Using varios/varias to say some (indefinite adjectives and pronouns)
- Adjectives as nouns
- Yo también/yo tampoco/a mí también/a mí tampoco for me too, me neither
A2: Idioms, Idiomatic Usage, and Structures
- Using estar (and not ser) to express relationship statuses
- Using gustar to say you like something (he likes, she likes, we like, you like, they like)
- Using había to say there was / there were
- Using hubo = there was / there were (simple past)
- Use "hace" for "ago" with El Pretérito Indefinido
- Expressing instructions and general statements with the impersonal se = one
- Using El Preterito Perfecto (not El Pretérito Indefinido) to talk about experiences
- Using todavía no with El Pretérito Perfecto = not yet (negative expression)
- Using desde (hace) with El Presente instead of El Pretérito Perfecto to express since/for
- When to use the perfect tense versus the simple past in European Spanish (Perfecto vs Indefinido)
- Using estar (not ser) when talking about feelings and emotions
- How to say "to love something/doing something"
- How to say "something bores/annoys/saddens you"
- Using estar (not ser) when talking about physical condition of something, someone or a place
- Using ser+preposition para (not estar) to indicate a recipient
- Using ser (not estar) with the preposition para, to indicate a purpose
- Forming exclamatory sentences with qué [noun] or qué [adjective]
- Expressing obligation with hay que
- Using es bueno/malo or está bien/mal
- Acabar de + [infinitive] = to have just done / just did something
- Personal "a" verbs (ver, visitar, buscar, conocer)
- Using definite articles + mismo to say "the same"
- Sentir vs Sentirse (to feel)
- Using the infinitive (not the gerund) as the subject/object of the verb
- How to use question tags: ¿no? ¿verdad?
- Most verbs of perception usually use the present, not the modal poder (I can see, I can smell, I can hear, I can feel)
A2: Verbs Tenses & Conjugation
- Spanish present tense consonant change c > zc in -cer/-cir verbs
- Conjugate recordar, acordar and acordarse o > ue stem changing -ar verbs in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate regular -ar verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate and recognise ir and ser in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate estar in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate hacer in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate dar in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate ver in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate regular -ar verbs in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect)
- Conjugate regular -er and -ir verbs in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect)
- Conjugate huir and construir in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate tener in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular -er verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido: leer, creer and proveer (simple past)
- Conjugate poder in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verbs ending in -car in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verbs ending in -gar in el Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verbs ending in -zar in el Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular poner and its derivatives in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular -ir verbs stem changing (e > i) in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate venir in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate andar in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Using El Preterito Indefinido for completed actions in the past
- Conjugate querer in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular decir and its derivatives in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verb oír in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verbs dormir and morir in Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate traer in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular -ducir verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido: introducir, producir, traducir, conducir
- Conjugate ser in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate ver in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate ir in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect past)
- Using El Pretérito Imperfecto to express habits or repeated actions in the past (imperfect tense)
- Conjugate irregular -er verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido: caber, saber (simple past)
- Using El Preterito Imperfecto to describe a situation in the past
- Regular verb hacer in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Regular verb tener in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Conjugate semi-regular verb pedir in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Conjugate irregular verbs ending in -uir in El Pretérito Indefinido (simple past)
- Forming the imperative of tú for most verbs (affirmative commands)
- Forming the imperative of tú for all irregular verbs (irregular affirmative commands)
- Forming the imperative of vosotros for all verbs (affirmative commands)
- Conjugate regular -ar verbs in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
- Conjugate regular -er, -ir verbs in El Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto (present perfect)
- Irregular past participles ending in -to/-cho
- Using ya with El Pretérito Perfecto
- Conjugate ver in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
- Conjugate estar in El Pretérito Imperfecto (imperfect tense)
- Forming irregular gerunds (-ing form)
- Forming El Imperfecto Progresivo with estar + gerund (imperfect progressive)
- Spanish present tense consonant change c>z in -cer/-cir verbs
- Conjugate hacer in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
- Conjugate caber in El Presente (present tense)
- Conjugate soler in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Conjugate -cir verbs in El Pretérito Indefinido
- Conjugate decir in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
- Conjugate deber in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Conjugate poder in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Conjugate querer in El Pretérito Imperfecto
- Conjugate poner and its derivatives in El Pretérito Perfecto (present perfect)
- Conjugate ser in El Pretérito Perfecto Compuesto (present perfect)
A2: Pronouns
- Using lo, la, los, las = him, her, it, them (direct object pronouns)
- How to say ours and yours plural (possessive pronouns)
- Using le and les = [to] it,him, her, them (indirect object pronouns)
- Using me, te, le, nos, os, les (indirect object pronouns)
- Using esto, este, esta, estos, estas to say "this", "this one" and "these ones" (demonstrative pronouns)
- Using ese, esa, esos, esas, eso for that one, those ones and that (demonstrative pronouns)
- Using aquel, aquella, aquellos, aquellas for that one (over there), those ones (over there) and that (over there) (demonstrative pronouns)
- Using algo to say something or anything
- Using alguien to say someone or anyone
- Using nada to say nothing or not anything
- Using nadie to say no one, nobody and not anyone
- Using demasiado, bastante, suficiente, poco, tanto and mucho to express quantity (quantitative pronouns)
- How to say mine, yours, his, hers, its and theirs (possessive pronouns)
- Using todo to say everything or all (of it) (indefinite pronoun)
- Using alguno, alguna, algunos and algunas to say some, one or any (pronouns)
- Using the negative ninguno, ninguna, ningunos and ningunas to say not any (indefinite pronoun)
- Using otro, otra, otros, otras to say another/another one, other, others (indefinite pronouns)
- Using numbers as pronouns
A2: Prepositions & Conjunctions
- Using para (not por) for a deadline/time limit
- Using para (not por) for a destination
- Using antes de /después de [noun/infinitive] for before/after [something/doing something]
- Using preposition con followed by a pronoun to say with me, you, him, her, us, you (plural), them
- Using por (not para) to express the originating cause or reason
- Using por (not para) to express "through/along" (a place)
- Using por (not para) to express approximate location
- Using para (not por) to express opinion
- Using para (not por) to express the recipient of an action
- Using the conjunction que to say that
- Using prepositions a, para, por, de, en, sin, hacia followed by a pronoun
- Using porque, como and es que to express cause (subordinate causal clauses)
- Difference between pero, sino and sino que (but)
- Using para (and not por) to say who you work for
- Expressing duration with durante/por/no preposition
- Using prepositions entre and según followed by a pronoun
- Using desde/de/hasta/a for from/to
A2: Nouns & Articles
- Nouns ending in -or are masculine
- Gender of nouns ending in -umbre, -ión, -dad, -tad, -tis and -sis and their plural
- Using the diminutive suffix -ito, -ita, -itos and -itas with words ending in -o/-a/-io/-ia
- Using the diminutive suffix -illo, -cillo, -ecillo, -ececillo
- Using plural definite article + number + noun
- Using unos, unas + number = about/approximately
- Gender and plural of nouns ending in -ma (greek origin)
- Gender and plural of nouns ending in -esa, -triz, -ina, -isa
- Some nouns ending in -o (shortened from a feminine noun) are feminine
- Nouns that are plural in English but singular in Spanish, and vice versa