Spanish language Q&A Forum

I use the app SpanishDict to help me check myself on certain concepts, especially on conjugations. For this concept, the gerund, the app uses past and present participles. Frankly, I did not receive a whole hell of a lot of instruction when it came to the difference between a participle and a gerund when I was younger but hey, I turned out ok! I have gotten the gist but the two things don't do the same thing  in Spanish as they do in English. I asked a Spanish professor friend of mine about this and he said one of them  (I can't remember which) was the gerund and the other is the participle. Is he correct? I got a questions wrong because I typed one form but it was actually the other. Also, is SpanishDict throwing me off?  

This is a quote from kwiziq that is supposed to be explanatory, but it does not suggest a rule to know which adjectives have this form of ending. How are we to know which adjectives have this irregularity? Why can they not just follow the regular formula?

In the exercise the phrase 'Haciendo la compra a mis mayores' is used. I would have expected 'para mis mayores'. Is the use of 'a' instead a common Spanish usage?

la rodilla = the knee

los ojos = the eyes

tengo fiebre = I have a fever

la receta médica = the presciption

la enfermera = the nurse

el consultorio médico = the doctor's office

la medicina = the medicine

la farmacia = the farmacy

el farmacéutico = the farmacist (m)

la farmacéutica - the farmacist (f)

fiebre = fever 

la ambulancia = the ambulance

el hospital = the hospital

me duele = It hurts...

Can you tell me why this is wrong?  "Les seguiré contando más cosas sobre esta tradición a condición de que vengan el año que viene." This is from https://progress.lawlessspanish.com/my-languages/spanish/tests/overview/573782

Muchas Gracias - Michelle

On two occasions the text moved on before I could submit my answers and on another occasion it didn't let me submit an answer as I had maybe pressed a key which triggered the "Not sure about that one?" response. 

peruano, peruana = Peruvian

boliviano, boliviana = Bolivian

puertorriqueño, puertorriqueña = Puerto Rican

argentino, argentina = Argentinean

australiano, australiana = Australian

austriaco, austriaca = Austrian

filipino, filipina = Philippines

británico, británica = British

guatemalteco, guatemalteca = Guatemalan

haitiano, haitiana = Haitian

indio, india, hindú = Indian, Hindu

hondureño, hondureña = Honduran

húngaro, húngara = Hungarian

japonés, japonesa = Japanese

nicaragüense = Nicaraguan

paraguayo, paraguaya = Paraguayan

dominicano, dominicana = Dominican 

 sueco, sueca = Swedish

suizo, suiza = Swiss

uruguayo, uruguaya = Uruguayan

venezolano, venezolana = Venezuelan

wow, thanks for the good C1 dictation with interesting content and decent narration speed to practice dictation.  

This goes against everything else I have learned or am learning in the classroom  - I cannot remember two sets of rules.  Any correct answer should be marked as correct, whether the so-called Latin American version or  Spanish version.   There doesn't need to be only 1 correct answer.