Using estar hecho de or ser de to indicate what something is made of in Spanish

In Spanish, to indicate the material an object is made of we can use verb ser or estar, but in slightly different ways.
Read and listen to these examples:

La casa es de madera.The house is (made of) wood.

La casa está hecha de madera.The house is made of wood.

El jersey es de algodón.The jumper is (made of) cotton.

El jersey está hecho de algodón.The jumper is made of cotton.

 

Notice how ser is followed by de, however estar is followed by hecho de. The word hecho acts as an adjective, it needs to agree with the noun it is modifying.

Have a look at the following examples:

Las luces son de cristal.The lights are (made of) glass.

Las luces están hechas de cristal.The lights are made of glass.

El escritorio es de aglomerado.The desk is (made of) chipboard.

El escritorio está hecho de aglomerado.The desk is made of chipboard.

Las sillas son de madera de pino.The chairs are (made of) pinewood.

Las sillas están hechas de madera de pino.The chairs are made of pinewood.

To ask about what something is made of, you can also use both verbs. Have a look and listen:

¿De qué es la figura? -De porcelana.What is the figurine made of? -China.

¿De qué está hecha la figura? -De porcelana.What is the figurine made of? -China.

Notice that for the questions, the preposition de comes first.

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Examples and resources

El escritorio es de aglomerado.The desk is (made of) chipboard.
Las sillas son de madera de pino.The chairs are (made of) pinewood.
El jersey está hecho de algodón.The jumper is made of cotton.
Los calcetines están hechos de lana.The socks are made of wool.
El escritorio está hecho de aglomerado.The desk is made of chipboard.
Las sillas están hechas de madera de pino.The chairs are made of pinewood.
¿De qué es la figura? -De porcelana.What is the figurine made of? -China.
¿De qué está hecha la figura? -De porcelana.What is the figurine made of? -China.
La casa es de madera.The house is (made of) wood.
El jersey es de algodón.The jumper is (made of) cotton.
Las luces son de cristal.The lights are (made of) glass.
Los pendientes son de oro.The earrings are (made of) gold.
La casa está hecha de madera.The house is made of wood.
Las luces están hechas de cristal.The lights are made of glass.
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