We use the Gerundio/Spanish present participle in order to say by + gerund (-ing verb).
Read and listen to these examples:
As you can see in the examples above, there is a main action that is achieved:
- María controlaba el estrés
through a second action that uses the gerund (-ando, -iendo):
- haciendo deporte.
Notice how in Spanish there is no preposition before the gerund, unlike in English (which uses by). For example:
Se pierde peso comiendo de forma sensata.
Se pierde peso por comiendo de forma sensata.
One loses weight by eating sensibly.
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